What is Law?

What is honor? police, in its widest sense, means and involves a uniformity of behavior, a constancy of happenings or a cause of events, shapes of action, whether in the phenomena of nature or in the ways rational human beings. In its general sense natural constabulary means an enact of the universe, of events, of things or actions.In simple words, Law may be referred to as a eubstance of rules that argon determined and enforced by the articulate and that are intended to channel behaviour and to resolve certain(prenominal) adverse events. hence a legal rule expertness forbid littering in a park and impose a Rs 500/- fine for its violation, might impose expectation damages for violation of a contract, or might declare murder a crime and punish it with a sentence of atleast of 10 historic period of imprisonment.1The strength of law enforcement depends, sepa appraise things being equal, on the magnitude of sanctions and on the probability with which they are imposed for viol ations. The magnitude of sanctions is chosen by the state and can be as high as the wealth of violator if monetary and as a vitality term if imprisonment. The probability of sanctions depends on the actions of insular fictitious characteries who might bring the suit if the violation is civil and on effort of public enforcement agents, otherwise.2Keeping a practical view in mind it is needful to look into some definitions of law.Definations of LawAccording to Salmond the law may be defined as the body of the principles acknowledge and applied by the State in the administration of unspoiltice.According to Austin, A law, in the strict sense, is a general command of the main(a) individual or the sovereign body, issued to those in subjectivity and enforced by the physical power of the State. According to Austin, law is the aggregate of rules set by men as politically superior or sovereign to men as politically subject.According to Duguit, law is essentially and exclusively a soc ial fact. It is in no sense a body of rules laying down redresss. Foundation of law is in the essential requirements of the community life. Thus Duguits definition gives a object lesson dimension to law.Holmes J. says that the prophesy of what Courts go forth do, in fact, and nonhing more(prenominal) pretentious, are what I mean by law.While Dias says, Law consists largely of ought (normative) propositions prescribing how plenty ought to be put up. The oughts of laws are variously dictated by social, honourable, stinting, political and other purposes.Thus some definitions ascribe a moral quality to law while some dont do so expressly. Thus it is necessary to look into what is piety.What is morality? morality may be defined asConformance to a recognized code, doctrine, or system of rules of what is right or wrong and to be catch accordingly. No system of morality is accepted as universal, and the answers to the question What is morality? differ sharply from place to place, gr oup to group, and sequence to time. For some it means conscious and deliberate effort in guiding ones place by reason based on fairness and religious beliefs. For others it is, what the absolute majority then and in that respect happen to like, and immorality is what they dislike.3Morality may be equated with order of magnitude and has as its object human actions that are ordered to one some other and to some end. The idea of measure (good or end) is the crux of all(prenominal) moral system since the concept of value is a primary concept in the order of our practical concepts, i.e., ultimate in its genus. Hence the moral act is a combination of the subject that makes the act (rational and free act) and the object that is intended (objective goods and value that subject from this activity) objectively the moral act is made up of three elements-the object, the end and the circumstance. Therefore rational human nature is the norm of morality, and morality is the transformation of a known order of values. To put it quite succinctly, morality is nothing more than conformity with the rule which regulates human life namely, the rule of reason. Thus the essence of morality is mans approach to his goal mans particular proposition goal is the perfection of his spiritual and moral nature and his ultimate goal is union with God.4In general a moral rule has it that, when a person ensues the rule, he will tend to ascertain the sentiment known as legality, and if he disobeys the rule he will feel the sentiment known as guilt. A moral rule to a fault has the property that, when a person obeys a rule and is observed to maintain finished so by another party, that party may bestow compliment on the first party who will enjoy the praise and if the person disobeys the rule and is observed to have done so by another party, the second party will tend to disapprove the first party, who will dislike the disapproval.5Enforcement of moral rules comes ab come step up of t he closet through internal incentives of virtue for obeying the rules and guilt for not doing so. Enforcement is also effected by external incentives, such as if a person believes that his conduct will be observed by others, who will reward him with praise for doing good or chastise him for not doing so, he will be fade to do good.6The effectiveness of enforcement of moral rules depends in part on the magnitude of moral incentives, i.e. on how much guilt and virtue, and admonition and praise, consider to individuals. The degree to which they matter is shaped by, and determined perish in hand with, socialization and inculcation that governs the absorption of rules themselves. In each case moral sanctions have definite limits.The effectiveness of moral incentives also depends on their likelihood of application, in respect to which one must(prenominal) distinguish the internal from the external moral incentives. The internal incentives of guilt and virtue function automatically fo r a person knows what he does and cannot hide from it. By contrast external incentives operate just if others observe conduct and respond with praise or disapproval.7Thus, with a basic idea of morality being presented, it is necessary to look into the relation between law and morality.A COMPARISION OF LAW AND MORALITYLaw brings with itself some reflections of public morality, only if can law be separated from morality? The relation between law and morality can beb understood just after looking at the views of stag, well-lined and Benthem. Broadly there are both schools, the positivist, which feels that law and morality can be separated and the naturalist which feels the the deuce are inseperable.Gustav Radbruch, a Jew by birth lived in Germany prior to Second World War. He was a firm believer in positivist doctrine. aft(prenominal) seeing the atrocities perpetrated by national socialist regime on the Jews under Nazi laws he transposed his belief and became a staunch supporter of Natural Law speculation and exhorted e precisebody to discard the doctrine of the legal separation of law and morals.8 This was also a provocation for prof hart to initiate this discourse. The conflicts faced by the German jurists in set up war Germany, is well illustrated by a category of cases which may be called informer cases.9 One such case is discussed by both Prof stag and Prof Fuller. The case is as under 10In 1944 a German soldier came home from far front for a short visit. In his dialogue with his wife he criticized the Hitler presidential term and Nazi Party. He even expressed his dismay that the man who attempted to assassinate Hitler did not succeed. During his long absence there were other men in her life and hence she was keen to get rid of her husband. After his departure to war front the wife reported his remarks to the local anesthetic leader of the Nazi party. The husband was tried by a military tribunal and sentenced to death. However he was not execu ted. After a short geolegitimate period of imprisonment, he was sent to the front again. After the collapse of the Nazi regime, a case was initiated against for illegally depriving the husband of his freedom. After the collapse of the Nazi regime, the wife was brought to rail game for having procured unlawfully the imprisonment of her husband.The wifes defense was that she was required to furnish such information to the authorities under the Nazi politys and she did not commit any crime. The court of appeal which purposed the case held that the statute under which the wife was claiming protection was contrary to the sound conscience and sense of justice of all nice human beings.11 Hence it was reasoned that she could not be granted protection under such statute. This reasoning became a precedent in many other informer cases. This reasoning was followed in many cases which have been hailed as a triumph of the doctrines of natural law and as signaling the overthrow of positivis m.12According to Prof Hart there were hardly two options a) to let the woman go free because the statute protected her b) to make a retrospective legislation repealing the statute under which she claimed protection.13 Because retrospective legislation is anathema in close to criminal justice system the woman should have been allowed to go free if integrity of juridical principles was to be preserved. Prof Hart considers it a cardinal mistake of the Court of Appeal to introduce the concept of morality of the law, under which she was claiming protection, to say that law was no law at all.Professor Harts viewsProf Hart believes in the theories of law as put forward by jurists like Bentham and Austin. These jurists propounded functional theory of law. Bentham and Austin, constantly insisted on the need to distinguish, firmly and with the maximum of clarity, law as it is from law as it ought to be.14 Austin formulated the doctrine The existence of law is one thing its merit or demeri t is another.15 A judge deciding a case should go by law as it is.Prof. Hart points out that all cases may not fall exactly within the law as it is which he calls the core. There will be cases in the penumbra of law. Harts view is that morals can be an influential factor in deciding cases in the penumbra.Bentham criticized Natural Law theory on the ground that the natural tendency of such a doctrine is to impel a man, by the force of conscience, to rise up in arms against any law whatever that he happens not to like.16 Bentham also feared that under natural law theory courts might be legally bound to decide in accordance with what they thought just or best.17 Such an approach can lead to all round confusion.Prof Hart presents the discussion of separation of law and morals as a problem of separating law as it is and law as it ought to be. He criticizes natural law thinkers for ignoring this difference.Prof Hart identifies the essentials of positivism as the following18(i) The content ion that laws are commands of human beings,(ii) The contention that there is no necessary connection between law and morals or law as it is and ought to be(iii) A legal system is a closed logical system in which correct legal decisions can be deduced by logical means from predetermined legal rules without reference to social aims, policies, moral exemplars,Prof Hart also deals with the issue lack of precision in the words utilise in any human language and the role of this factor in judicial interpretation. While applying legal rules to the facts of a case it plump necessary quite often to decide the meaning of the words in a statute and to decide whether the words used covers the facts to be decided. Sometime standard instances of the words may not be sufficient to give proper effect to the law. Prof Hart calls these as problems of the penumbra.19Problems of penumbra cannot be solved by logical deduction. The criterion which makes a decision sound in such cases is some concept of what the law ought to be.20 This is where a moral judgment is made about what law ought to be. This is called by Prof. Hart as necessary intersection between law and morals.21Prof Fullers viewsFuller on the other hand believes in the Natural Theory of Law and the moral foundations of a legal order. So for him law should always conform to the idea of Gods justice. He emphasizes the view point that faithfulness to law can be achieved only if law is consistent with morals at all stages that is during its making and during its application by the court whether the case is in the core or the penumbra of law.The primary concern of Prof Hart is to preserve the integrity of the concept of law.22 For Prof Fuller fidelity to law is of utmost importance. He vies that there will be fidelity to law only if laws are consistent with moral values of the people who have to follow law.People comply with law only if they are convinced that the law is for common good. That is to say for achieving fide lity to law, Law should have moral foundations.The remnantThe conflict between law and morals came to sharp focus in the predicament faced by the German Court after the collapse of the Nazi Regime. It was not contingent to declare all the laws made by the Nazi regime and actions of citizens in conformity with such laws to be illegal. This would have resulted in correspond destabilization of the society. On the other hand some of the laws made by Nazi regime was so repulsive to human morals that there was a need for disapproving actions taken in conformity with such wicked laws. There was also a need to circularize a message that the crude regime does not approve all the wicked laws of the Nazi regimeThus on the one hand, there was a moral duty to obey law. On the other hand, there was a moral duty to do what people thought (after the war) was right and decent. The fundamental postulate of positivism that law must be strictly severed from morality seems to deny the possibility o f any bridge between the obligation to obey law and other moral obligations.23Thus the German Courts faced a serious dilemma in restoring both respect for law and respect for justice. Essentially Radbruch saw the dilemma as that of conflux the demands of order, on the one hand, and those of good order, on the other.24 Order by itself is no good unless it serves some purpose for the society. So we should not get obsessed with just order. At the aforementioned(prenominal) time in the process of seeking good order we should lose order itself leading to anarchy. As we seek to make our order good, we can remind ourselves that justice itself is impossible without order, and that we must not lose order itself in the attempt to make it good.25 Thus we must strive for a balance.Homosexuality God created Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve26This quote summarises the attitude of morality developed along the lines of religion with regard to homosexuality. The Church has always condemned the act of homosexuality vehemently. The Bible preaches that a man may not lie with a man in a way he lies with a woman.27 different the West, the Hindu society does not have the concept of sexual orientation that classifies males on the basis of who they desire. However, there is a strong, ancient concept of third gender, which is for individuals who have strong elements of both male and female in them.Sexuality between men (as distinct from third genders) has nevertheless thrived, mostly unspoken, informally, within mens spaces, without being seen as different in the way its seen in the West. 28In India homosexuality was criminalized in 1861 by the Britishers through Section 377 of the India Penal Code. It criminalized carnal intercourse. Contemporary to the global movements for big(p) rights to the homosexuals, the Indian movement has also been running. In 2009 it got a huge success when the High Court of Delhi in Naz Foundation v. Govt. of NCT Delhi ruled the Section 377 of IPC as unc onstitutional and thus decriminalized homosexuality. But in 2013 the Supreme Court of India overruled the judgement of the High Court of Delhi and recriminalized homosexuality.In the modern Indian society those opposing homosexuality argue that it is against morality and Indian culture.However if one delves into history one would easily find out that this homophobia was part of a more generalized attack on Indian sexual mores and practices undertaken by British missionaries as well as educators. It is evident not only in the anti-sodomy law introduced by the British in the Indian Penal Code of 1860 but also in the deliberate heterosexualization of entire literary canons and genres. This is one reason why modern institutions such as the police force, and educational as well as religious organizations today typically respond to aforesaid(prenominal)-sex unions with horror and even violence.29Thus, a slow and gradual change in morals lead to an inherent opposition among a large of pop ulation against homosexuality. This subsequently impacted the law as well. These acts of consensual homosexuality, which was once recognized as acceptable in the society thus became totally unacceptable.The major argument against the validity of Section 377 of the IPC in the Naz Foundation cases was that it violated right to life under Article 21, since the acts were consensual acts. Thus it was argued that since this rule violated a constitutional law which are part of the in truth basic laws of the land, the section should be declared void. However, on the other hand inspite of the fact that Section 377 of IPC is not contained in the chapter of offences against morality and is instead contained in the chapter on offences against body it was argued that these acts violated morality. at long ending Section 377 was declared to be valid by the Supreme Court. Thus it is quite clear morality influenced the law against homosexuality.1 Steven Shavell, Law versus Morality as Regulators o f Conduct, 4 American Law Economic Review at 229.2 Ibid.3 Morality, Business Dictionary, http//www. assembly linedictionary.com/definition/morality.htmlixzz3ViKuh0pt , Accessed On 18th March, 2015.4 Jurisprudence Law and Morality, Marquette Law Review, 1953, Vol 36, 319.5 Steven Shavell, Law versus Morality as Regulators of Conduct, 4 American Law Economic Review at 230.6 Ibid.7 above channel 5 at 232.8 H.L.A. Hart, Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals, 71 Harvard.Law.Review, 616 (1958)9 Lon L. Fuller, Positivism and Fidelity to Law -A Reply to Professor Hart, 71 Harvarad Law Review, 658 (1958)10 Supra note 8 at 618-619.11 Supra note 8 at 619.12 Ibid13 Ibid14 Supra note 8 at 594.15 Id at 596.16 Ibid. See also BENTHAM. , A COMMENT ON THE COMMENTAR1ES 49 (1928)17 Id. At 599.18 Supra note 8 at 601-602.19 Id. At 607.20 Supra note 8 at 608.21 Ibid.22 Supra note 9 at 635.23 Supra note 9 at 656.24 Supra note 9 at 657.25 Ibid.26 Victoria Clarke, What about the children? argumen ts against lesbian and gay parenting,Womens StudiesInternational Forums, 555-570 (2001)27 Tennessee Nashville, The Book of Discipline of The join Methodist Church 161G (The United MethodistPublishing House 2010).28 S Asthana and R. Oostvogels , The social construction of male homosexuality in India, February 15th 2014, http//linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S027795360000167229 shame Vanita, Same-sex wedings, Hindu traditions and modern India, Feminist Review, No. 91, pp. 47-60, (2009)Customer Care Hilton Green Park HotelCustomer Care Hilton Green Park HotelThe hotel that I have chosen is Hilton capital of the United Kingdom Green Park Hotel. This hotel is situated approximately 45 minutes from Heathrow airport via tube and is located within the easy reach of all the local tourist attractions and major business centres a perfect combination of business as well as for tourist visit in London.(55)It majorly lies between two streets that is the oxford street and the Edgware road w hich connects to majority of the streets leading to central London and other parts. This makes it convenient for the people who want to go for meetings and or visit a authority business site. The interiors of the hotel are very classy and make it easy for a business traveller to get the max of what he wants, the entire hotel is non-smoking one and has a business centre to hold meetings right at the comfort of the hotel.Majority of the customers that frequent this hotel are tourist as this hotel lies exactly at the heart of London and majority of the tourist attractions like the Hyde Park, Kensington Gardens, Trafalgar square, oxford circus, etc are within the easy reach. The hotel has a full fledged concierge service which assists the guests in finding the best possible routes for guests and also gives them suggestions on which place they should visit and how can they go about. But many of the tourists dont like the fact that the entire hotel is a non-smoking hotel and also it has only 1 restaurant and 1 bar and has no other variety which the guest can see or inhabit, but just because of its brand and the location it tranquillise goes ahead and attracts a lot of people. (295)Customer care involves putting systems in place to maximise your customers ecstasy with your business. It should be a prime consideration for every business your sales and profitability depends on keeping your customers happy. (Business Link). What is customer care. Customer Care Policies are an integral part of any functioning business, there has to be some set rules and procedure which will act like a guide in fulfilling the goals and objectives of the hotel and more importantly lead to a customer satisfaction which is the top priority of any organisation. Depending on the type of organisation the types of services that may be offered might differ which includes but is not limited to telephone, admirer desks, after sales, service recovery, or may be a simple face to face conversat ion but all that matters is that the guests problems are given a ear and that they feel important and worth the stay.Today the market is very competent and the guests have a variety of choice to make so it is very important that companies have to go ahead and capture a major stake in the market and that is possible only if you retain the guest. Retention is only possible when the guest is satisfied and to be more elaborate the company today has to go beyond expectations or rather exceed expectations and that is possible only with strong customer care policies and it needs to be strictly adhered to and practiced devotionally. Abraham Lincoln once said I never had a insurance I just tried to do my very best each and every day so sometimes its not only about the policy but its on how you go beyond the policy to help the guests and thats what makes a lasting impression on the guests minds and he will certainly be a parallel guest for you.(400)Three customer care policies in Hilton Lond on Green Park HotelQuick and fast As mentioned earlier this hotel usually caters to the needs of the business travellers and clients and hence they lay more emphasis on the needs of these guests by providing them quick check-ins and taking pre-authorisations (if required). Some of the basic things that they pay attention to are- fine-looking them quite rooms away from the city roads, elevators and areas from where noise can be expect as these guests usually just come in for a wickedness take rest and then leave for another destination.Providing them with the facilities of early breakfast in their rooms and expectant them express check out facilities.Business travellers and guests are given more attention in terms of any grievances that they may have and hence service recovery procedures are in place which includes giving them free wine bottle, upgrades, or may even include a free night depending on the situation.Feel like home It is said a hotel is a home away from home and hence this hotel emphasises on all the guest feeler to this hotel for leisure and recreation purposes and hence the guest is preferably given a room which faces towards the city or has a park view but in either case the guest is asked for the preference of his/her room. The beds are knowing in such a way that a family of three (including a kid) can easily manage to sleep on the bed. Local sightseeing and local runs are arranged by the concierge as per request. The facility to provide an extra bed/cot at a nominal rate is also available. What makes it more competitive and interesting is that all the children aged 18yrs and below get to stay free if they are accompanied by their parents or grandparents and children aged 10 years and below get their meals and drinks free plus there is a garden where the kids can spend their time.Feel like a king This is one policy that Hilton hotel always emphasises on, knowing what the guest wants or expects and that too at the right time makes you a w inner in the market segment. The hotel maintains a proper guest profile which includes some personal information about their choices and also about their birthdates etc. So if the guest is staying with them on their birthdays or their anniversary then they send them greeting cards, some gift hampers or a simple wine bottle to say we are happy for you. The gifts might not be that monetary valuey in terms of the investment done by the guests but yes this is enough to wow a guest and will make him feel a part of the family. Also the long stayers and frequent visitors are contacted on regular basis and they are informed of any special promotions or offers that the hotel might be running at the moment.Effectiveness of customer care policies in the hotelWhenever a policy is in place it is of utmost importance that it needs to be evaluated for its effectiveness and whether that particular policy is really working for the organisation or not. Now this could be done in variety of ways which included taking customer feedback, polls, assent surveys, etc these things makes the organisation realise where exactly they stand and what best could be done to prevent that. Most of the hotels usually focus on retaining the guests but Sarah Cook in her book Customer Care Excellence mentions that it is equally important to record the customer retention rate and also to analyse it on frequent basis.Hilton establishes a system called Hilton honours in which it can find out responses from its guests and what they are expecting in terms of hospitality organisation and also another program called contentment and Loyalty Tracking (SALT) where they keep a constant track on how many guests returned back home satisfied and how many of them will be coming back to the hotel. This helps in identifying where they currently stand and how it is going to affect their business in the long run. make Industry in china AnalysisSteel Industry in China AnalysisIntroductionSteel industriousness con cerns to be a important basic constancy influences a areas national economic and the overall national strength. The development of vane attention has directly link up to defense industriousness, construction industry, machinery industry, shipbuilding industry, car industry, household electric appliance industry, and other industries.In recent years, Chinas blade industry structure has been optimized, the process on elimination of backward crossroadion capacity smoothly industrial concentration has continuously improved and the industrial layout has been optimized. At present, Chinas steel industry dominated the formation of large enterprises, and SMEs coexist production organization pattern. The steel industry layout gradually close the strategic layout of the changes in the market to international and domestic resources. Chinas steel industry has rapid development of foreign trade the exports of steel product structure was further optimized export countries and regions are co ntinue to expand. It achieved changing from a net importer to a net exporter. Even though the steel industry looks been recovered, and the governing body put a lot of efforts inside, it still have many problems to solve.I will do some background research of steel industry in china and find out the problem china steel industry will face especially the problem they faced during the recovery after 2008 economic crisis. In additional I will also try to find out the reason which lead to those problems and how China steel companies faced this situation and what is their solutions.In this project, firstly I will analyze, evaluate, and summarize scholarly materials link to China industry. However, this proposal will just analysis three parts pollution problem, the contradiction in terms between industry demand and supply, and the forecast of the industrys develop. Then it will demonstrate the main objective of this whole project. After that I will examine the methodology and methods I will use in future project, such as what kind of selective information I will use and how the information will be analysis. Later, I will draw some limitations and problems may faced during the research. Finally the discussion and conclusion will show the result I have got currently.Literature reviewWith the shift of international industry and the rapid development of China economic, as Sheng and Song (2012) said, rapid expansion of Chinas steel industry has been remarkable in terms of both the speed and scale of its development. Liang, Zhang, Fujita, Ohnishi, Li, Fujii, and Dong (2013) mentioned that the total production of crude steel in China had grown from 95.36 cardinal tons to 567.84 million tons from 1995 to 2009, and become the worlds largest producer. In 2012, China has produced 716.54 millions of crude steel, grew by 3.1 percent on last years same period production of steel (including repeated material) 951.86 million tons, grew by 7.7 percent on last years same period. From January to November of 2013, china had produced 712.86 million of crude steel, grew by 7.8 percent on last years same period. production of steel 978.78 million tons, grew by 11.5 percent on last years same period.However, these kind of development has a price to pay. As Pauliuk, Milford, Muller, and Allwood(2013) said, 25 per cent of ca. industrial and 9 per cent of anthropogenic energy and process related greenhouse gas emission are accounted for steel production. In order to mitigate the climate change, the future production growth of steel may decline. Ma, Evans, Fuller and Stewart (2002) pointed out that steel industry is energy intensive. The expansion of China has resulted a large increase in energy input, especially from the coal. This leads to several env smoothing ironmental problems. Liang, Zhang, Fujita, Ohnishi, Li, Fujii, and Dong(2013) also pointed out that the booming energy consumption and environmental pollution emissions are serious problems for steel industry. T he co2 emission (1.17 billion tons) of china steel industry weighted 16.29 per cent of Chinese total co2 emission in 2009. Its nearly equal to Japanese co2 emission(1.2 billion tons) and it also share half of the world steel industrys co2 emission.The danger of those environment has been recognized by Chinese government, in order to solve these problems, they have came out many policies, with particular emphasis on the energy- intensive heavy industries. After that, the energy consumption per unit of output of steel industry has declined. Mohantys(1997) research has showed that the governments energy conservation program is the most important reason of this decline.Marketline(2013) examined that the steel market consists of the production of crude steel in the stated country or region.Influenced by 2008 world economic crisis, China steel industry has also suffered a depression. After that, it recovered from a contraction in value in 2009, the Chinese steel market posted a double di git growth in the 2010-11 period. The compound annual growth rate(CARC) of the market was 9.3% in the period 200812. However, the market declined again in 2012 because of the price falling. It shrank by 2.9% in 2012 and reached a value of $530,838.2 million. This total revenues representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.3% between 2008 and 2012. During this period, the Japanese market declined with a compound annual rate of change of -2.6%, and the Indian market increased with CAGR of 7.5%Even though the production have recovered to a double digit growth during this period, the market supply is not recovery as fast as the production. This caused significant increase of the steel storage, the contradiction between industry demand and supply get worse. This situation leads to falling of the steel price.However, the current situation of steel industry is not very optimistic. The forecast of 2012-2017 is still hopefully. The markets volume is expected to rise to 988.0 millio n units by the end of 2017, representing a CAGR of 6.6% for the 2012-2017 period. The performance of the market is forecast to decelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 8.7% for the five-year period 2012 2017, which is expected to drive the market to a value of $806.8bn by the end of 2017. Comparatively, the Japanese and Indian markets will grow with CAGRs of 2.6% and 7.5% respectively, over the same period, to reach respective values of $90.1bn and $82.4bn in 2017. ( Marketline, 2013)Research Questions and ObjectivesThe research aims to address the following research questionsWhat is the circumstance of the development of china steel industry from 1990s?What is the problems china steel industry faced?How can china steel industry fully recovery from the economic crisis?What is a good way for Chinese company related to steel to survive under current situation.This research aim to compare the situation before and after 2008 global economic crisis. In additional, it aim to find out the problems steel industry faced after the crisis and the reason cause these problems, and then the solution for these problemsMethodology3.1Data allurementTwo types of research are used in this article. These are primary research and secondary research respectively. The primary resource is from questionnaire and interview. In this research, I will try to collected the primary information through the use of a self-administered questionnaire . The questionnaires will be distributed to the sampled respondents through a combination of the Internet and face to face interview as appropriate. Distribution through the Internet is expected to be more secured and cost effective.The secondary resource is search for information from other peoples opinion, such as subroutine library website, reading academician books and journal articles. The above section which is the literature review is the secondary resource.There are three types of data, which are quantitative data, qualitative data and m ixed data. These are the tools of measure in aspect of questionnaire, the quantitative will be used in the closed questions of questionnaire, and it could better to collect the information whether people prefer to choose some aspects, and it also could illustrate the style of this problem. The qualitative could match the opened questions of questionnaire, it because could determine the nature of people, it could better to research the suggestions or reasons, fine data is collected through open questions that provide direct choice. This is different the quantitative, quantitative is to through the limited and objective method to compare and predictions, and find the trend of problems. Furthermore, the mixed data is both quantitative and qualitative.Data analysisFirstly, regarding of the primary research, results of questionnaire was collected, and graphs were used, such as pie charts, bar charts and tables. Statistical data which is from questionnaire shows consequence of what is f ound. Secondly, regarding of the secondary research, notes of pertinent sections was taken and summarized, critical, analysis. Finally, comparing primary and secondary resource, they are similar or not. Analyzing reasons why the consequence is similar or not.Limitations and problems of the researchFirstly, during this research, the primary data collection may face a big problem. This is because the topic of this project is about steel industry analysis. I think it is hard to design a questionnaire which most of people will have their answer easily. This topic is not a topic that most of people will pay attention and familiar with. Therefore, when I collect the primary data, may face some people are not familiar with, this will cause the decrease of datas reality.Secondly, the rule limitation also concern to a problem. This research is focus on steel industry in china, whereby the project will finish in UK. When I collect primary data, may face the problem of local people may not fa miliar with Chinas economic situation. At the same time, big amount of secondary data are in Chinese which I cannot use in this project. However, I can benefit from reading Chinese data, it help me to understand more and consider more about this topic.Finally, the language barrier concerns to a big problem I faced during doing this project. English is not my mother tongue make me face more difficulties during reading secondary data. Sometimes I will misunderstanding the sentences, also it include many academic vocabulary which I cannot understand as well.ConclusionIn conclude, as the research I currently get, one of problem the china steel industry faced is the environment pollution. Accompany with government control, pollution do has reduced. However, government control is a passive way for steel industry to change. At the same time, steel industry should recognize this problem by itself, and try to improve the way of production in order to reduce the pollution.Second problem has b een canvas in the proposal is the contradiction between industry demand and supply. This is a big problem china steel industry faced. The supply significantly exceeds demand. It leads to the price of steel continuous falling down and may become a vicious.However, according to governments macro-control and the change of global market, we should hold a positive attitude towards to the future.References1. Pauliuk, S., Milford, R.L., Muller, D.B. and Allwood, J.M. (2013) The Steel Scrap Age.Environmental Science Technology. 47 (7), pp. 2448-3454. .2. Liang, D., Zhang, H., Fujita, T., Ohnishi, S., Li, H.Q., Fujii, M. and Dong, H.J. 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